How we learn

A theory. Which I have, and that is mine. A-hem.

Yesterday I happened upon another paper about how infant learning takes place...it has long seemed to me that those who write about this didn't have kids. So they're inventing some kind of explanation. This particular paper was about learning language. Are we born with the ability to process or language, or is that a learned thing? (i.e., the classic "nature vs nurture" argument).

What I think we are born with is a pattern-matching feedback system. That's all.

In fact, I think that's all you need. Well, plus some chemical enjoyment feedback when patterns are matched and repeated, for positive reinforcement.

Think of it this way: what do babies do? They watch things. They wave their arms and feet a lot. They put things in the mouth (because the first thing that goes in their mouth makes them happy--getting fed). Imagine an audio and video pattern matcher, completely untrained, just receiving a huge amount of input all the time. Mostly it's junk, but it's not random junk--it's the parents, and the rooms in the house. Not much changes there, so there's lots of time for reinforcing imagery and sound.

Imagine that the waving of arms and feet is all essentially random motion--random neural firings (what else can it be, really?). But the mid-brain is aware of the nerve-firings that cause the arms to move, and the eyes will eventually see the motion, and the feedback connection will be made that leads to awareness of causality: "these nerves and thoughts lead to this visible motion". Patterns will match, reinforcement occurs, and thus memory.

Recall why it is that a deaf person doesn't learn to speak: the feedback loop for the pattern-matching is broken. No feedback, no learning, because the muscular control can't be tested.

Learning is all about pattern-matching. Learning something new is usually based on matching an existing pattern. Otherwise it takes a lot longer, because you have to generate new base patterns. Thus we always start with simple things.

Analogical reasoning is all about matching a pattern, and extending it.

So why haven't we used this approach to teach a computer to speak like we do? Beats me. Probably because it would take just as long as teaching a baby--years. So we have tended to take different approaches that go from zero to sixty in one leap, rather than zero to one to two to three...

We learn things when we are ready to learn them. Which means that we have to have enough base patterns to correlate against.

Some people are better about doing this pattern-match than others. They learn faster and earlier. We learn most things by watching others. I have personally observed this in action a couple of places: #1 being the DC Metro subway system. Watch someone who wasn't born here and doesn't read/speak english try to figure out how to use a farecard machine. Can only be done by watching what others do to get one--because you can't get through the turnstile without it. You observe what someone else does, then you try to do it too. Receiving a farecard = success, you are happy because you have the card, so there is positive reinforcement. Next time, you might have to watch again, but that is reinforcing a pattern, not creating one, so it goes faster.

When you hear someone speak and you don't understand them, you want them to go slower, or talk louder, because your learned patterns aren't being matched. If that person has an accent, you might have to hear unusual words (or words that match the sound but not the context) more than once in order to match the sound AND the context.

You'd think that this is an experimentally verifiable behavior. No one seems to have done (far as I've read, which hasn't covered this topic for a while).

How hard could it be to do it?

Hamas and terrorism

So this latest attack by Hamas was entirely predictable. So is the next one. Hamas's legitimacy and public approval had dimished quite a bit in recent months, so they allowed the cease-fire to expire, and starting shooting rockets again. The Israelis did the predictable thing and fired back, quite a bit stronger, and now Hamas gets the benefit of sympathy for dead civilians. The locals is Gaza will have to stand behind their "elected government". Hamas is only legitimized by opposing/attacking Israel, so it had to do it. And it will do it again.

Make no mistake about this: Hamas has no intention of EVER concluding any peace deal with Israel. Not going to happen, any more than Arafat was going to. It's not what they want. Arafat's existence and continuation as PLO leader was permanently predicated on the ongoing suffering and victimization of the Palestinians.

Granted, Israel is being very heavy-handed about some things, like the blockade Hamas wants halted. That could be done differently--of course Israel is worried about the importation of weapons, which would inevitably happen, but then again it's already happening, isn't it?

By the endless self-victimization practiced by Hamas and the PLO, the Palestinians manage to be permanently the target of sympathy by the rest of the Arab world, and Israel continues to be hated. This is their goal.

But of course the rest of the Arab world is equally vested in this arrangement; witness the land blockade of Gaza by Egypt--that border is closed--if the Egyptians wanted to actually *help* the people of Gaza, it'd be trivial to do so. In some larger political sense, that's not in Egypt's interest, it'd look too much like peace with Israel, assimilation of Gaza, and the permanent existence of Gaza as separate from a Palestinian return--i.e., a separate nation-state--and the end of a good reason to continually harangue Israel about Gaza.

So the person quoted in the Wash Post yesterday: "why were my children killed? did they have AK-47s?" No, they were killed because the adults failed to report the presence of terrorists among them, and when those terrorists attacked Israel, Israel hit back. So I say to the people of Gaza: you want peace, stop shooting rockets at Israel. Report to appropriate authorities (by which I mean not Hamas) others in the population who would undermine or prevent that peace.

And be glad that it's not me in charge of the Israeli army--I would have been on tv saying "for every rocket launched at Israel, we will immediately flatten 3 buildings in Gaza. And the bulldozing of the rest will start after one week." I would raze Gaza to the ground, leaving nothing larger than a basketball standing. Push everyone out, into Egypt. Once Gaza is cleared, shoot at anything that moves. Turn Gaza into a live-fire bombing target practice zone, permanently.

another computer fix story...

A longish one again.

A few days ago the machine starting making the clicking noise that disks make when they are about to go bad. This noise indicates that the moving head spindle stepper motor is having problems engaging for some reason. O/S blocks while waiting for the disk to engage, position, and read. It had been happening every couple of weeks, in particular when the disks had been idle for some hours, for months.

Then all of a sudden it was ever minute, or every few seconds...pending disaster. Worst thing--it was the boot disk doing it, although I didn't know that right away.

So I went looking for a NAS unit that I could configure as RAID 1 (the mirroring approach, for fault tolerance). Figured I'd just start moving all the files that aren't part of booting onto the NAS. Cost of a RAID 1 NAS unit looked like it would be$300-$350, incl a pair of 500GB drives.

Best to get one with hardware RAID, if possible, and that has passworded control over access. Otherwise it's going to be open on my wireless net (well, not completely open, of course, I do have acess control set, and MAC-address limiting, but that stuff is spoofable/crackable).

So I evolved a plan whereby I would start with a 1 TB drive, use that as part of the copying shuffle, and order a RAID NAS. Then I discovered it was the boot drive that was failing.

This is a far harder problem--you can't just drag files around to make a copy of a boot disk. You also need the deep hidden things like the Master Boot Record, and some other low-level stuff that Windows Explorer can't get at. In addition, Windows Explorer can't copy files that are somehow in use (there are several things in your home-dir that are un-copyable that way).

So I used the new 1TB drive as a holder for data needing to be copied. At first I thought I'd just move drive E: content onto the 1 TB disk (ultimately this was right), and then clone C: onto E:.

I had plenty of space to shuffle things around...the real issue, and the centerpiece of this blog, is how do you clone a disk? What I want is to essentially make a new/different disk look exactly like the boot disk, then remove the boot disk and be back to where I was.

Earlier in the year I did it several times on my Mac G5. There's a nice convenient, easy to use tool for OSX that does this one thing: Carbon Copy Cloner. That's what it does. I did several disks this way, because I wanted to migrate from the original 160 GB disks (which were nearly full, because of MP3s and DVR) to 500 GBs, AND I wanted to install Leopard as well. So I figured I'd clone the boot disk, then install Leopard on the boot disk, and if I had to go backwards, that'd be easy. This whole process went just fine. Have had zero trouble with it, the clone was bootable, etc.

Windows is not so simple about this.

Well, ultimately, it kinda is, although not trivial. There appear to be two competing products for this, and some also-rans. And some freebies.

The big two are Acronis True Image Echo Workstation, and Norton Ghost. I also came across Paragon Disk Copy, which appears to be third.

What'd be ideal is if I could take the 1 TB disk, partition in two, with a smaller partition matching the boot disk, and have that regularly re-image the boot disk, and my old drive E: stuff on the bigger partition. That way I'd always have a safe partition I could use as emergency boot.

That doesn't seem to be one of the possibilities.

I downloaded the Paragon demo, but it doesn't actually work. Well, it does, sort of. You can walk through the mouse-clicks, see the dialogs, etc, but then it doesn't complete the task. You have to buy the thing to find out if it's going to work for you. So I uninstalled that immediately.

This is an odd issue here...online reading suggests that not all tools work for all people.

This URL provides a decent list of the available tools, but it's not complete (altho it did list things I didn't find earlier).

I did the acronis download, and knowing that Ghost was in use at the corporate office, I blasted an email there to see who used what, and how well it had worked. Responses mentioned Ghost and Acronis.

Acronis is a 15-day trial period...more than adequate for me to test-drive and see if it does what I need.

Answer is: yes, it did what I wanted, it went pretty fast...with one weird glitch that I didn't understand at first. My machine has motherboard onboard video, which it turns out is display 0, i.e., first in line for video, like the power-on self-test startup stuff you see. Acronis images your drive by a special reboot that then does the copying...which you can only see on display 0. Which meant that I was seeing nothing, because I didn't have the 2nd monitor plugged in. I could hear the disk activity (and the undesirable clicking), but I didn't know about progress. Or when it was done. This was getting alarming after a while.

Then during a phone call to a coworker who'd recommended Acronis, after he did his own separate test run and saw the right stuff, I realized that I would have too if I'd had the other monitor plugged in...too late at that point, I was already rebooting.

Anyway, it all went well, although it did take me nearly five days to get it resolved.

So: recommended tool: Acronis True Image Echo Workstation. Did the job for me.


I maybe still ought to do the RAID NAS thing...

great quote

it's political...from Talking Points Memo, referring to the Blagojevich issue this week.

"What could be more patriotic than to distract a presidency from its first attempts at fixing a damaged nation?"

What do you bet there will be no Republicans who come out saying it is not ok to criticize the [new] President on a wartime footing. They certainly said it about Bush--will they say it about Obama?

It's ok to criticize the President anytime. Has to be.

That said...it needs to be a valid criticism. Distractions are dangerous time-wasters. This attempt to smear Obama with some of the Blagojevich crap is just that. I'd be willing to bet that the guy doing it, apparently Mike Duncan, head of the RNC, would be unable to be so obnoxious and strident if he actually had to say the words to Obama's face.

Economics

I had a shitty economics class in college. Engineering econ, it was called. Textbook written by the prof; class was Sept 27 to Dec 17 or some such, book did not actually get printed and to the Univ until Thanksgiving.

and on top of that, what it covered was essentially useless. Only thing I got out of that class was the trivial knowledge of how to calculate compound interest. We're talking 1978 (or was it 79?), so this was before advanced math calculators could to that, and before Excel or 1-2-3.

Class *could* have covered real valuable content, like how to cost and budget a engineering proposal, estimate manpower needs for a project, how to manage costs over time. But no.

and now it's 2008. Dec 2008. The economy is in a slump. Big time. Well, the economy was in a slump when I graduated from college. So it will come back.

But what's the deal? There's a really simple explanation you won't ever hear.

Economics, the world economy, our capitalist model, is basically a pyramid scheme. It requires that there be new products and new customers ALL THE TIME.

ok, so as long as the population is growing, there are new customers. But businesses have to keep growing lest the competition take their customers away. Which leads to the need to borrow money--and if there's a hiccup in that, the pyramid turns out to be a house of cards, and starts to collapse.

In addition to the greed. This is the essential flaw in Greenspan's thinking: it doesn't account for criminal behavior by the participants. Like this: when someone thinks up the "derivative" idea of bundling mortgages into a package that can then be "securitized" and resold to investors, the thing you most want to do is resell quickly--i.e., fast turnaround, with a sliver of profit in the sale. You can claim that the risk is low, because the securities are backed by real estate, which always has solid value. But there isn't anyone in the chain, other than the homeowner, who actually *wants* to own the property. The problem there is that once you put enough distance between the homeowner and the ultimate holder of the securitized loan bundle, the investor doesn't know whether the homeowners can actually pay the loans. What's worst is that the mortgage maker who originated the loan doesn't care, ultimately. Said maker wants to make loans, and resell bundles of loans, the fast the better. So you make it as easy as possible to get a mortgage loan, which leads to more people bidding on houses, prices going up, and eventually people being unable to really afford their houses, but have them anyway. The mortgage maker makes a little money from originating the loan, and more when it is resold. The faster that can be done, the better--and they can make new loans as soon as previous ones have been sold. So much for needing due diligence on the buyer's being able to afford the thing, why do you care? You're going to pass the risk on to someone else, that someone isn't likely to investigate the buyer.

But there is going to be a sort of ceiling in prices on houses. They can only go so far upwards before people just can't buy.

As soon as there's a hiccup...those loans turn out to be non-performing. Then you have to wonder about the value of the thing. Housing prices being cyclic, at some point they will be going back down, and maybe then you have the value inversion.

Which is why the screwup in how Treasury and Congress are handling this is happening. They aren't dealing with the loans issue. Banks have asked for money, but are paying operating expenses with it.

And this happens this way because it's a pyramid scheme. As soon as there stop being new customers (or customers able to pay), things start back downward.

A way to solve this for the future: require that mortgage originators hold the loan for a minimum of three years before they can sell it. You know that if the originator knows it has to hold the loan, it is going to be very careful about knowing the buyer can pay. As opposed to recent years, where that absolutely did not matter.

Spellforce update

started a round of this again...was suddenly feeling curious about whether playing the game from the beginning without making bases and armies was a winning strategy...

Yes.

In fact, on several of the maps ("islands"), you can run the table without ever activating one of the elf/human/dwarf monuments. You probably always want to do your heroes, but they don't attract attention, unlike the other monuments.

In fact, there was one map where I had a really hard time because I started building an army immediately, last time, that turned out to be pretty simple if I ran it by myself. You have to destroy five commanders, which opens the gate into the big enemy base; there's already an army in there, which you cannot take on, and there's no need to try. That army goes hunting around for you, but the cool thing is that as soon as that army leaves the base, you can stroll in behind it, and destroy the entire place. Solo.

The other thing I decided to do this time is play it from first-person view the whole time. Well, almost the whole time. Turns out that's not effective for certain things, like placing your base buildings, or click-n-drag-select an army team; yeah, you do have to have them sometimes, but generally you can do all the hard work yourself, making it a lot simpler to build an army without being continuously attacked along the way.

Science Fiction novels

I encountered this again this past week...having begun reading David Weber's "Off Armageddon Reef" -- it's clear where an author's real knowledge/experience are, and usually clear where it's not. His seems to be nautical, and naval, in the time-frame of 1400-1850...that era of human naval battles and tech advances plays heavily in the middle of the book.

What's also clearly NOT his expertise is at the beginning. Book starts in roughly 2430 AD. i.e., just over 400 years from now. Tech advances between now and then are only vaguely imaginable right now. Think backwards 400 years. Jamestown has just been colonized the year before. Shakespeare is still writing. Galileo has NOT yet published his round-earth and heliocentric writings--the earth is still flat, in essence. Electronics, computing, nanotech--all inconceivable and unexplainable. What tech will exist 400 years from now?

At one point Weber says something along the lines of "they couldn't smuggle a computer out because it was too big". I'm sorry, in 400 years computers won't exist the way we think of them now, and they darned sure won't be big. My guess is that long before then computers will have evolved into nanites that essentially exist everywhere, in unimaginable quantities. They will run through your veins. They will BE your clothes, and will dynamically change color/style/shape. Your nanites will be DNA-reconfiguring, protective. The internet won't exist as this separate thing we now have, it will be ubiquitous.

But his book is predicated on things not happening like that...which leads to my central complaint. If you are an author, but not a tech expert, HIRE someone who IS a tech expert, and have that person read your book from early on, so you don't write something that is so far off-target.

Weber's book is enjoyable enough, kind of a Hornblower-on-another-planet story. and the premise is totally dependent on things being pre-steam-era low-tech. So the story is really about post-Renaissance but still feudal politics and religion. You've read THAT before...

But the main character turns out to have to be a recorded personality installed in a very strong robot...if such robots exist, why did they not fight the battle against the aliens that's in chapter one? Said robots don't need O2, don't need food, don't sleep. So they don't need spaceships anything like what people would need...so they could be fairly bizarre looking, incorporate much funkier designs, no worry about things like life support, radiation shielding, low-gravity propulsion...your largest issue would be micro-particles ripping holes in spaceships.

So if you can't get the tech details straight, LEAVE THEM OUT! and don't base the story on premises that couldn't possible be true...this one: the aliens nearly wiped out humanity, and will be around to finish the job if they detect any RF signals from far far away. So I expect that by 2432 AD, or 3200 AD, there probably won't be any more RF anyway. What would be the point? Networks will have evolved from copper to fiber to quantum long before...broadcast will have gone from RF to cable to fiber to __? Satellite comm will be burst-mode laser soon, and quantum eventually. So no RF to detect anyway. Sorry--premise doesn't hold water from the get-go.

On buying a Jaguar...

Mind you, that's a 3-syllable word. Jag-u-ar. Said with british accent.

Went and got the car last weekend, drove it home. $20k.

It is British Racing Green, of course. Not the original color, it turns out, which was a light blue. (See Jeff Dunham's comments on that color, on youtube).

I have a variety of things to do with the car, some percentage of which have to be done before I can register it for driving. Turns out, here in VA (and elsewhere, apparently), I can register a car as an antique, and it doesn't have to be safety inspected. Just by being 25 years old, it doesn't get emissions inspection. So I can work on it until it can pass safety, then I can have it be for regular driving.

So I've been making a list of what all to do. None of which is likely to be *cheap*, per se, but some things at least won't have to be TOO expensive. I hope.

something about religion...

on SEB, I found this interesting...

http://stupidevilbastard.com/index/seb/comments/why_would_god_bother_at_all/

I'd have a different/related take on the idea...I have to disagree with the notion that God knows everything past, present and future...life would be uninteresting...he'd be overmuch like Dr Bloody Bernofski.

Likelier: suppose you were God, and you *could* create the universe, why would you do it? I imagine that you'd do it because it would be an interesting experiment, and you'd do it in such a way that you *couldn't* know how it would go in advance...thus the laws of physics and chemistry that include creation-flavored processes, and entropy, and lots of randomness to prevent perfect prediction.

You'd create the universe with the explicit intention of having intelligent life evolve in it, even if that takes a while, and you'd watch what happened. You probably wouldn't take direct interest in any single individual life, you'd just watch things in general, see what they invent.

And you'd design/create the universe in such a way that life would be reasonably common. Not ridiculously so, but interestingly so. What would be the point of making a universe with a gazillion galaxies, each with a gazillion stars, if you were only going to have life on one planet?

I imagine that being the case because that's what I would do. In fact, I've thought about creating a "universe" of sorts, or rather a simulation of a tiny subset, as a computer program. It'd be some like Spore (computer game), but not identical, because I'd be in tinkering with various aspects (not being omniscient like God, I'd have to be changing the underlying "physics" of the simulation to cause more things to happen; i.e., more life, more variable life...let's face it, rocks orbiting/spinning around is not too exciting).

Life and evolution are so much more interesting than total predestination.

Health-related humor

You know the question: which is more painful, a root canal, or a trip to the DMV?

I recently had the opportunity to do both on the same day, which turned out to be a Friday.

The root canal is worse.

On a Saturday, it might be the other way around.

Time for some politics

It should be clear to anyone who thought about it hard that the North Koreans really had/have no intention of actually shutting down and dismantling/destroying the Yongbyon nuclear plant. The only reason I can think of that they would agree to allow the inspectors in etc is because they had already removed everything that they cared about that was portable...i.e., nothing to see remained behind.

And therefore bringing it all back would be relatively simple, as soon as it was appropriate to do so. Which it now seems to be...

You can figure the same will be true in Iran as well. Excepting that at the moment, they are busy bragging about all their centrifuges, when the time comes that they have to allow inspections, it will probably turn out that they tell us they were lying about how many they had...but that will be a lie too.

So don't be surprised by what's going on in North Korea. It was always going to happen this way. They have no intention of not having nuclear fuel processing capability, and will lie about it every time.

Personally, I think we should have gone with the invasion route a few years ago. You don't seriously think we couldn't invade NK and pound the crap out of them, do you? Station two carrier battle groups offshore, there's plenty of space there between NK and Japan, start the air assault, drop HARM missiles on their radar installations, continuous targeting of the DMZ, Patriot batteries to protect SK (because you know that NK's #1 target is Seoul (#2 targets are in Japan), not us, as in "if you attack us we'll hit your friends"), continuous air assault on all the military installations across the country (which, in fact, isn't all that big), a few diversionary sea landings along the eastern coast (also with close air support), and of course the final ground assault across the DMZ once it and all the troops on the north side have been pounded into rubble.

i.e., no land war until physical installations have been pounded flat.

You also have to figure that NK has left a few goodies behind that are going to blow up later, so we don't want to be standing around waiting at the DMZ.

Of course, what would actually happen would be that as soon as the first CBG started to get close, NK would go all crazy and launch missiles at SK, and probably throw some of their experimental stuff at us. We'd want to begin with a number of Patriot counter-missile batteries, brought in quietly. Then the CBGs. and eventually pound Yongbyon into rubble no large than peas.

iPods

Apple announced a new round of iPods last week. Annette wants the new silver 16GB nano. I got the old 160GB classic, since it was discontinued and it sounds like they won't do another high-capacity unit again.

I have about 100GB of stuff on it at this point, so I have 60GB available...I probably won't ever fill that all the way...I'm not into video on the ipod, although I do have most of Strongbad on it (*that* is why you get a video-ipod).

This is my 3rd one. First I had a 20, then a 60, both of which got filled a little too easily...now, everything I have in terms of music will go to about the 3/4-full point.

Nice.

Jade Empire

Having done an upgrade (well, to Win XP) on the older PC, it turned out that Jade Empire installed ok and played. My son already ran through the game, in roughly a week.

Seems overly linear to me, and I have not figured out the combat system. Don't like it, though...I can't tell whether I am supposed to continue clicking on targets or what.

The voice acting is pretty good, but despite it supposedly being chinese people, they have clearly no accent whatsoever.

Otherwise, it's kinda a Crouching Tiger appearance...

Travel

What is it with women and travel?

You know the story...retirement comes around, and they want to travel.

*I* want to have retirement be my home time--where I can have plenty of hours to work my projects that don't get enough time now, and read, and so on. Travel prevents most all of that.

Travel via driving isn't so bad as travel via flying--I *really* don't like flying. Airports have become such a hassle. If I never fly anywhere again, that's fine with me. Driving, altho slower, I'm ok with.

What I don't know yet is how much she wants to travel when the time comes...part of the problem, I think, is that when at home they can't relax, really let go...gotta worry about laundry, dishes, phone calls, etc.

Gotta learn to let go.

Getting Old, and what to do

I'm going to turn 50 shortly...already got the letter to join AARP a month ago (and sent it back with the $, so I'm official)...and then, last week, when Annette asked me "what do you want for your birthday (besides sex)? You're turning 50, don't you want something special?"

and suddenly it struck me: The XKE! It's time for the mid-life-crisis sports car! And I've wanted one since I was about 10. Click here for a gazillion photos.

So I've been investigating them online...there's a fair amount of interesting info, history, tales of restorations, plenty of photos, and apparently plenty for sale, from junkers that were literally "found in a barn" to immaculate restorations that are probably *better* than they were when they left the factory; and of course the prices reflect all that, too.

And fortuitously, just this past weekend was the local Jaguar Club annual meet (with judging). About 10 XKEs were there, including the (apparently) #2 show car in the US (VERY nice looking).

It did come in a variety of colors, but British Racing Green is, imho, the only one to have; red, and a pale yellow seem next-most common; I'd be ok with the yellow, or a silver-gray. More convertibles ("OTS") were made, but I have never liked them as well, so I'm getting the hardtop ("FHC" or "2+2").

I'll be getting the series two (68-70) model, probably a 69.

One good reason to get a car like this: evidence that women are turned on by them

I'd probably go for a series 3 (the ones with the V12 engine) except that I really don't like the bumpers on them, those are stupid bumpers. The wire wheels are best, too.

Jags have a rep for problems and breakdowns. Not looking forward to that sort of thing, so it'll be important to start upgrading parts pretty soon.

I've found one this is almost exactly what I want...BRG exterior, but black leather interior (hot!) and no A/C (hot!). If I still lived in Texas, no way I'd buy this one. My first car, when I moved to TX, had black vinyl interior (Dad's fault), and no A/C (my fault). Never again down there.

A little higher-priced than I'd have preferred, but I think I won't have any issues with it right away, which is critical.

Plenty of new stuff to learn...fortunately, with an engineering degree, and some experience in car repairs on another car from '73, I have some existing knowledge...

Should be interesting.

an interesting blog by someone else...

Here it is (yeah, that's the guy with the goofy-looking beard/hair inversion I wrote about last week)

Pointing out some amazingly ridiculous things. Dangerous things.

Like this


and this

although that graph is clever, if you compared it against which party controlled congress, it'd be different...Dems controlled Congress while Reagan and Bush 1 were prez...and the President does NOT write budget bills--Congress does. An awful lot of people seem not to remember this (there was a fabulous ObviousMan cartoon on this topic ("The president can't make tax law!"); click here for the homepage)

Facial hair

Can someone explain to me why it is that so many guys grow a beard when they lose it up top?

http://stupidevilbastard.com/graphics/seblogo.jpg

Far Cry

Got this yesterday for $10...and the specs aren't so hairy that my better machine can't run it (unlike some *other* games)


FC has a stellar rep, been waiting for it to be cheap enough for a while...

Two Worlds -- another game

got this cheap recently...only to discover in the unreadable tiny print on the back, that it won't install in XP x64. Slugs.

well, after tribulations with the old PC (disk drive disasters, followed by new big disk), got it installed and running. A tad slow, however; I probably should reduce video settings.

Also on the box: "it's like Oblivion on steroids" -- must be those steroids that reduce in size, because it's less large...but it is still similar, probably the reason I bought it. Well, when I say "less large" I mean there are fewer "locations" to explore. In terms of distance side-to-side, that is probably comparable.

Fighting is pretty much a click-fest. One cool thing: if you find two of the same thing as loot (weapons, armor, spell cards), you can drag the new one on top of the existing/equipped one, and the stats are increased--you can stack them as high as you want; unfortunately, the stats don't increase as a simple summation, and there's diminishing returns. Eventually you find things that are good, or have the money to buy them with...

Opponent hardness levels up with you, and you don't get a choice about leveling-up, it just happens. So those 30-pt wolves at the beginning are later going to be 300-pt wolves. Some enemies seem just about unkillable, you'll need a Summon for some; others (Flesh Golem) seem just unkillable period, but I was able to run around them. Eventually I discovered the solution: once you have a big stack of a ranged attack spell (like Fireball (i'm at 52), or Poison Dart (36)), you want draw one near a mana fountain, close enough that you can stand next to it and shoot the opponent, and then pound it until dead, mashing the 6 key as often as you can. This works on dragons, golems, cyclops, ogres.

Your favorite spells are these: Heal, which you'll be using first, Summon XXX (Devil seems best), and Chaos Rage, which causes enemies to attack each other (and your horse, if it's too close, so always dismount a ways off before your attack). The Demon is an extra-strong summon, and combined with Chaos Rage, means you don't have to get in the fray too often (important with undead, whose hits poison you); unfortunately, you don't get the kill points if you or your summon doesn't do the kill. This is valuable if you attack a Tower of necromancers, let them kill each other, you just do cleanup. I found the Hell Master to be a lousy summon, it can't actually hit a target; swings and misses endlessly. When you encounter them as opponents, they are far better than that. The Soul Helper (? Air) has a bow, but mostly runs from danger.

Some quests oppose each other, so you get a choice about which groups you help out.

You can drag/drop a power-up magic enhancement onto a weapon, but only one kind...but you can keep on doing it, so you can also enhance that aspect, not just a second instance of the weapon.

There are entirely too few dungeons here. Oblivion had hundreds, it seemed, between caves, Ayleid places, houses... TW has a few dozen; I feel kinda cheated, but I am having fun with the game.

NPCs all do the Morrowind-style random bopping-around town behavior. No big deal, except that finding which ones you really need to talk to is harder than it should be. And made worse by the fact that the merchants tend to do the bopping around too. In an improvement over Oblivion, the merchants' stock changes over time, which means you can buy new stuff they didn't have before.

Visuals are pretty good...long-range seems better than Oblivion, but close-up seems worse. There's no real "night-time" behavior, but it does rain some, and the desert has sand-storms. and once I got rained on good in the desert, which is fairly improbable.

I have read that once you complete the main storyline the game terminates, so I'm not working too hard to finish that one. There's more than enough else going on to leave that alone.

There are certain weapons that seem pretty rare...they are of course high-end, but I'd like to find/buy them a little more often...I have the "chinese sword", it's class 3. ONLY class 3, and I've been using it for a while now...would like it to be more like class 10. This suggests that it may be better to go with lesser items that occur more often, so you can stack more often. And you can repeatedly add enhancement gems to weapons, although this too has diminishing returns, and eventually stops (if it didn't, I'd have the chinese sword of +6000 spirit damage). Not all weapons work equally well on all opponents, so you seem to need several. Turns out there's a non-obvious location for a couple of spare weapons, and a quick switch mechanism, which is nice, so you aren't carrying lots of weapons.

In the stacking, most (all?) items reach a point where you can't always add new ones. Apparently this has to do with the magical enhancements, some don't allow stacking others.

Creating potions is iffy. Sometimes when you are hoping to get a +10 potion of strength from items with permanent effect, instead you get a gem of +10 lightning or some such. More gems is the last thing I need. I have bunch of perm-effect potion items that won't do what I want (I have one recipe that creates +4 Will from ghoul-brains, I want that same behavior from other items). Could be I need more alchemy skill. Online reading: yes. Wish I could *buy* training skill levels, like in Morrowind. I have the cash...

Having been ill with a major toothache this month, I've had extra time to play during the night, since the tooth wouldn't let me sleep. Root canal coming, yuk.

Online game guide: the main storyline isn't all that long in TW, so definitely do the side-quests first.

Gor Gammar is interesting. I went once, looking for a special item for the main quest, cleared it out (lotta orcs). Then I found a magician who wanted to give me an orc-genocider gizmo to take to Gor Gammar. I can't tell him I already cleared the place, so eventually I went back and dropped it off, for the points. Back to the magician, only to find he's dead, by the hand of *another* magician, who say the first one has created an army of undead at Gor Gammar, with help from someone (awkward!). No, I was just there, place was empty. So I went back...sure enough, big pile of undead. I let them kill each other inside and out. But I wonder--if I had not cleared out the original brigade, would there have been twice as many? Ouch.

Armor and weapons appear to peak out about at the level I've been for a while. I haven't found anything new that is significantly higher in terms of HP or protection. Online elsewhere I've read of folks with apparently much higher numbers, but those comments are from a year ago, which is probably several game-updates back. It also sounds like potion ingredients were more common.

Magic appears more important at the high end. There are fewer attack spells than I think there should be (DS 1/2 had this right all along, with merchants having plenty, in fact always more than I could ever use).

As I'm writing this right now, TW was released exactly one year ago (Aug 21, 2007).

Uniquely, if you want to re-assign your skill points, you can, by finding someone who (for $) will undo them, allowing you to re-assign to something better. A good idea, imho. I haven't done it yet, but I will.

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I finished, at about 73 hours of playtime (not even remotely close to the 1000 or so hours I put into Oblivion). Once you defeat the final two baddies (which is vaguely tricky at the start), game's over. You want to finish up some other things, you have to reload a previous save and re-kill the final two...Well, I'd about lost interest by this point, which was why I went ahead and whacked the last two bad guys. (so when I said tricky, you can't just attack the first of them, you have to actually talk to him, he says you've eliminated the magical protection for them, and then he's a pretty easy takedown--I'm level 65, and I continue to find Steel Golems harder than these two were.)

Get Smart

yes, it's actually a post about a movie. I love movies, but I seldom go to the theater: there's no pause button, and the theater is likely to screw up something.

well, we went anyway.

This is hilarious. You do have to know the original tv show, however. Lacking that, a bunch of funny parts aren't going to even register.

This show is about CHAOS trying to take over (as usual on the original GS), and Siegfried is once again at the helm--played by Terence Stamp.

Spoilers: near the end, a car almost runs Max over as he's trying to get to California. The car is driven by Bernie Koppel. yeah, the guy from "Love Boat"--but before that he was on Get Smart, as the original Siegfried. He yells at Max. It goes by in about 3 seconds. If you haven't seen the show, it will mean nothing. Likewise, Agent 13 won't make any sense, and that goes on longer than 3 seconds. Hymie won't make sense either, at the end.

They managed not to beat certain jokes to death, which was good. "Would you believe...", "Sorry about that chief", etc. Although I think they could have done each of them twice...

it also manages to parody a few other things (True Lies comes to mind, with the dance scene, and James Bond with the "swiss army knife").

Two thumbs up, as they say.